Environment
Zakirah Raihani Ya’la; Triyani Dewi; Ali Husni; Tri Joko Santoso; Samliok Ndobe; Eka Rosyida; Maemunah Maemunah; Marhawati Mappatoba; Muhammad Saleh Nurdin
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine heavy metal concentrations in sediments, assess the level of contamination using a contamination index, and identify potential sources of heavy metal contamination using multivariate analysis. This study employed contamination indices to evaluate sediment pollution ...
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This study was conducted to determine heavy metal concentrations in sediments, assess the level of contamination using a contamination index, and identify potential sources of heavy metal contamination using multivariate analysis. This study employed contamination indices to evaluate sediment pollution levels. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed statistically by determining the minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation (SD) values. According to the contamination factor (Cf), Cd showed very high contamination levels, whereas Sn, Ni, and Pb indicated moderate contamination. Hg, As, Cr, and Cu were classified as having low levels of contamination. The degree of contamination (Cdeg) ranged from low to high across the sampled sites, reflecting the varied levels of pollution severity. Multivariate statistical analyses, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Pearson correlation matrix, and Cluster Analysis (CA), were used to identify potential sources of heavy metal contamination. Cu, Sn, Ni, Hg, and Cr are attributed to natural geological processes, whereas Pb, Cd, and As are linked to anthropogenic activities, likely originating from the nickel mining industry. In conclusion, this study underscores the complex environmental impact of nickel mining in Morowali, highlighting the need for stringent environmental management practices to mitigate further degradation and safeguard the coastal ecosystems in Central Sulawesi.
Feridon ghadimi; Mohammad Ghomi; Abdolmotaleb Hajati
Abstract
Altogether 20 groundwater samples were collected around the Lakan Pb and Zn mine in Iran. Samples were analyzed for 8 constituents including Fe, Pb, Hg, Mn, Zn, CN, SO4 and Cl using standard method. The results show that the average concentrations of constituents were 0.01, 0.60, 0.10, 0.01, 0.40, 35, ...
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Altogether 20 groundwater samples were collected around the Lakan Pb and Zn mine in Iran. Samples were analyzed for 8 constituents including Fe, Pb, Hg, Mn, Zn, CN, SO4 and Cl using standard method. The results show that the average concentrations of constituents were 0.01, 0.60, 0.10, 0.01, 0.40, 35, 0.01 and 5.95 mg/kg for Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Hg, SO4, CN and Cl, respectively. The computed contamination index ranged between 2.38 and 443. It was concluded that contamination index shows a medium to high contaminated situation for Pb and Hg in groundwater around the tailings dam. Based on a multivariate analysis, four main sources of these hydrochemical data were identified. (1) Zn, Mn, TDS and SO4 have both natural and anthropogenic sources; (2) Hg constituent represents a natural source and Pb shows a anthropogenic source due to Lakan mine; (3) CN and Fe have anthropogenic source and mainly originated from the plant processing; (4) Cl represents a natural source.
