Exploration
Mojtaba Bazargani Golshan; Mehran Arian; Peyman Afzal; Lili Daneshvar Saein; Mohsen Aleali
Abstract
The purpose of this research is application of the Concentration-Number and Concentration-Area fractal models for determining the distribution pattern of REEs and lithium in mining area of the North Kochakali coal deposit. According to the Concentration-Area and Concentration-Number fractal graphs, four ...
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The purpose of this research is application of the Concentration-Number and Concentration-Area fractal models for determining the distribution pattern of REEs and lithium in mining area of the North Kochakali coal deposit. According to the Concentration-Area and Concentration-Number fractal graphs, four different geochemical groups were obtained for REEs and lithium in the mining area of North Kochakali coal deposit. The comparison of the threshold values and the models obtained based on the Concentration-Area and Concentration-Number fractal models indicate that the Concentration-Area Fractal model has performed better in determining different geochemical groups and separating anomalies from the background for REEs and lithium in North Kochakali coal deposit. Based on the fractal models in the mining area, the southeastern and western parts have the highest concentrations of REEs and the northeastern parts have the highest concentrations of lithium. These parts should be considered in mining operations due to their higher economic value. The locations of the REEs anomalies are consistent with the location of right-lateral faults with a normal component, since these faults are young and have operated after the formation of coal seams, so the mineralization of REEs in North Kochakali coal deposit is epigenetic.
Exploration
Joshua Chisambi; Leornard Kalindekafe; Kettie Magwaza; Ruth Mumba; Martin Kameza
Abstract
The Nathenje region in central Malawi hosts significant gold mineralization within high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Mozambique Belt, yet remains underexplored despite extensive artisanal mining activity. The structural controls on primary bedrock gold mineralization within these high-grade metamorphic ...
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The Nathenje region in central Malawi hosts significant gold mineralization within high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Mozambique Belt, yet remains underexplored despite extensive artisanal mining activity. The structural controls on primary bedrock gold mineralization within these high-grade metamorphic rocks remain poorly understood, limiting systematic exploration and resource development. We conducted integrated field mapping, structural analysis, petrographic examination, and geochemical sampling to characterize gold mineralization controls in the Nathenje prospect, central Malawi. Detailed structural measurements combined with stereographic analysis reveal three deformation phases, with gold mineralization predominantly associated with D₂ transpressional structures. Fire assay results demonstrate significant gold concentrations (0.15–5.0 g/t Au) in arsenopyrite-bearing quartz veins, with the highest grades systematically occurring at structural complexity zones. Petrographic analysis reveals native gold particles (5–50 μm) intimately associated with arsenopyrite along grain boundaries and within microfractures, indicating coupled precipitation processes. Critically, we identify a hierarchical structural control system operating from regional NE-SW trending shear zones to microscale sulphide boundaries, with fold hinges, dilutional jogs, and amphibolite-gneiss contacts yielding consistently higher gold grades (>3 g/t Au) than other structural settings. Our results establish the first comprehensive structural model for gold mineralization in central Malawi's metamorphic terrain and provide specific targeting criteria applicable to similar high-grade metamorphic environments throughout the East African Orogen.
