Shahrood University of Technology Journal of Mining and Environment 2251-8592 16 1 2025 01 01 Participation of Analytical Parameters in Predictive Empirical Models for Rock Mass Deformation Modulus: A Review 291 306 3184 10.22044/jme.2024.14299.2671 EN Mohammad Reza Shahverdiloo Faculty of Mining, Petroleum & Geophysics Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran Shokroallah Zare Faculty of Mining, Petroleum & Geophysics Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran Journal Article 2024 03 09 The deformation modulus of rock mass is necessary for stability analysis of rock structures, which is generally estimated by empirical models with one to five input parameters/indexes. However, appropriate input parameter participation to establish a sound basis for a reliable prediction has been a challenging task. In this study, the concept of the principal input parameters was developed based on an analytical method with an emphasis on in situ stress. Based on analytical methods, Young’s modulus of intact rock, the joint’s shear and normal stiffness, joint set spacing, and in situ stress are introduced as the main principal input parameters. A review of seventy empirical models revealed that most of them suffered from a lack of analytical parameters. Due to considering practical issues, the geological strength index (GSI) is replaced with joint set spacing; moreover, the in situ stress effect is perceived by combining Young’s modulus and joint stiffness with specific confining pressure and normal stress, respectively. The integration of the analytical base input parameters and practical issues enhanced the reliability of empirical models due to the reasonable prediction of the deformation modulus to numerical or analytical deformability analysis. https://jme.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_3184_198f5fcaf5e44db3405966b49e620512.pdf