Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Mining of Mineral Deposits, Donetsk National Technical University, Pokrovsk, Ukraine

2 Department of Labor and Environmental Protection, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine

3 Language Training Department, Donetsk National Technical University, Pokrovsk, Ukraine

4 Department of Physics, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine

5 Department of Applied Mechanic, Donetsk National Technical University, Pokrovsk, Ukraine

6 Department of Ecology, National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine

Abstract

The studies of risk factors on which the safety of miners depends are relevant. These factors include temperature and air velocity within roadways, relative air humidity, dust, noise and vibration, lighting, clutter, limited working space, the difficulty of work, and the collapse of roof rocks. Their greatest concentration is in the technological zones of longwalls, so it is important to determine the priority of taking into account the risk factors in certain zones for planning measures for labor protection in underground coal mining. Therefore, a matrix of priority of risk factors for technological zone longwalls is proposed. The matrix is based on a survey of experienced and well-informed scientists and engineers of coal mines (experts). Fifty experts are involved in the survey.
The matrix assesses the priority of risk factors, and considers the technological zones of the longwalls for the planning labor protection measures. The zones of operation of the excavation machines and the end-sections of longwalls are defined as the most safety-critical. Less safety-critical, but also dangerous, are the zones of protection means and the zones of connection of the longwalls with the roadways. The level of a certain risk factor is determined for each zone. The highest priority should be given to the collapse of roofs, dust, clutter of the working space, and the severity of the miners' work. For each risk factor included in the matrix, the technical and organizational measures for labor protection are proposed to reduce the level of injuries for miners.

Keywords

[1]. Akgün, M. (2015). Coal Mine Accidents. Turkish thoracic journal, 16(1), S1–S2.
[2]. Ajith, M.M., Ghosh, A.K., and Jansz, J. (2020). Risk Factors for the Number of Sustained Injuries in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining Operation. Safety and Health at Work, 11(1), 50-60.
[3]. Amponsah-Tawiah, K., and Mensah, J. (2016). Occupational Health and Safety and Organizational Commitment: Evidence from the Ghanaian Mining Industry. Safety and Health at Work. 7 (3): 225-230.
[4]. Verma, S., and Chaudhari, S. (2017). Safety of Workers in Indian Mines: Study, Analysis, and Prediction. Safety and Health at Work. 8 (3): 267-275.
[5]. Ivaz, J. S., Stojadinović, S. S., Petrović, D. V., and Stojković, P. Z. (2021). A Retrospective Comparative Study of Serbian Underground Coalmining Injuries. Safety and health at work. 12 (4): 479–489. DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.07.004.
[6]. Wei-ci, G., and Chao, W. (2011), Comparative Study on Coal Mine Safety between China and the US from a Safety Sociology Perspective. Procedia Engineering, 26, 2003-2011.
[7]. Stemn, E. (2019). Analysis of Injuries in the Ghanaian Mining Industry and Priority Areas for Research, Safety and Health at Work, 10(2), 151-165.
[8]. Erdogan, H.H., Duzgun, H.S., and Selcuk-Kestel, A.S. (2019). Quantitative hazard assessment for Zonguldak Coal Basin underground mines. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 29 (3): 453-467.
[9]. Nehrii, Т. (2016). Study of working conditions of miners at implementation of main industrial processes. Journal of Donetsk Mining Institute. 2 (39): 108-116.
[10]. Methodological guide for assessing the noise situation at the workplaces of coal mines. (1981). Moscow-Makeevka: MakSRI. 145 p.
[11]. Li, J., Qin, Y., Yang, L., Wang, Z., Han, K., and Guan, C. (2021). A simulation experiment study to examine the effects of noise on miners’ safety behavior in underground coal mines. BMC Public Health, 21, 324.
[12]. Wang, H, Jiang, C.L., and Shi, L.L. (2011). Analysis and countermeasures on underground noise hazards of coal mine. J. Saf. Sci. Technol. 7 (12): 183-7.
[13]. Cheng, G.Y., Chen, S.J., Wei, Z.Y., and He, F. (2011). Impact of underground noise on human physiology and psychology. J. Xi’an Univ. Sci. Technol. 31 (6): 850–3.
[14]. Tian, S.C., Yang, P.F., Gao, Y., and Ma, Y.L. (2017). Research on the relationship between noise and miner emotions and intervention countermeasures. Coal Technol. 36 (08): 299–301.
[15]. Tian, S.C., Liang, Q., Wang, L., Wu, L.J., and Yin, L.Y. (2015). Research on the relationship between the noise and miner behavior safety and prevention-control countermeasures. J. Xi’an Univ. Sci. Technol. 35 (05): 555–60.
[16]. You, B., Tang, X., Shi, S.L., Liu, H.Q., Li, R.Q., and Luo, W.K. (2017). Simulated experimental study of noise over human safety behavior. Miner Eng. Res. 32 (04): 14–9.
[17]. Kou, M. (2018). Experimental research on the difference of miners’ safety behavior. Min. Saf. Environ. Prot., 45(01), 74–6.
[18]. Deng, C.J. (2015). Analysis of the noise hazards prevention and control underground coal mine. Energy Conserv., 11, 48–9.
[19]. Wang, J.G., Fu, W., and Wang, Y.Q. (2019). Study on the effects of different levels of noise on miners’ physiological indexes and behavioral abilities. Min. Saf. Environ. Prot. 46 (01): 99–103.
[20]. Mundorff, J.S. (2011). Effects of speech signal type and attention on acceptable noise level in elderly, hearing-impaired listeners.
[21]. Kia, K., Fitch, S.M., Newsom, S.A., and Kim, J.H. (2020). Effect of whole-body vibration exposures on physiological stresses: Mining heavy equipment applications. Applied ergonomics, 85, 103065.
[22]. Dasgupta, A.K., and Harrison, J. (1996). Effects of vibration on the hand-arm system of miners in India. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England). 46 (1): 71–78.
[23]. Duarte, J., Jacqueline Castelo Branco, Matos, M.L., and Santos Baptista, J. (2020). Understanding the whole-body vibration produced by mining equipment as a role-player in workers’ well-being – a systematic review, The Extractive Industries and Society. 7 (4): 1607-1623.
[24]. Laney, A.S., and Weissman, D.N. (2014). Respiratory diseases caused by coal mine dust. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine. 56 (10): S18–S22.
[25]. Shekarian, Y., Rahimi, E., Rezaee, M., Su W.-C., and Roghanchi P. (2021). Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization. Minerals. 11 (7): 696.
[26]. Li, J., Qin, Y., Guan, C., Xin, Y., Wang, Z., and Qi, R. (2022).Lighting for work: a study on the effect of underground low-light environment on miners’ physiology. Environ. Sci. Pollut., Res. 29, 11644–11653.
[27]. Zhang, W., Wang, T., Zhang, D., Tang, J., Xu, P., and Duan, X. (2020). A Comprehensive Set of Cooling Measures for the Overall Control and Reduction of High Temperature-Induced Thermal Damage in Oversize Deep Mines: A Case Study. Sustainability, 12, 2489.
[28]. Yi, X., Ren, L., Ma, L., Wei, G., Yu, W., Deng, J., and Shu, C. (2019). Effects of seasonal air temperature variation on airflow and surrounding rock temperature of mines. Int. J. Coal Sci. Technol., 6, 388–398.
[29]. Belle, B., and Biffi, M. (2018). Cooling pathways for deep Australian longwall coal mines of the future, International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 28 (6): 865-875.
[30]. Khusainova, R.G. (2013). Justification of the expediency of changing the modes of work and rest in a cooling microclimate. Saint Petersburg, SPMU. 23с.
[31]. Nehrii, S., Sakhno, S., Sakhno, I., and Nehrii, Т. (2018). Analyzing kinetics of deformation of boundary rocks of mine workings. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 12 (4): 115-123.
[32]. Khalymendyk, Iu., Bryi, A., and Baryshnikov А. (2014). Usage of cable bolts for gateroad maintenance in soft rocks. Journal of Sustainable Mining. 13 (3): 1–6.
[33]. Ma, X., He, M., Wang, J., Gao, Y., Zhu, D., and Liu, Y. (2018). Mine Strata Pressure Characteristics and Mechanisms in Gob-Side Entry Retention by Roof Cutting under Medium-Thick Coal Seam and Compound Roof Conditions. Energies, 11, 2539.
[34]. Zhang, Z., Shimada, H., Sasaoka, T., and Hamanaka, A. (2017). Stability Control of Retained Goaf-Side Gateroad under Different Roof Conditions in Deep Underground Y Type Longwall Mining. Sustainability, 9, 1671.
[35]. Zhang, Z., Deng, M., Bai, J., Yan, Sh., and Yu, X. (2021). Stability control of gob-side entry retained under the gob with close distance coal seams, International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 31 (2): 321-332.
[36]. Molinda, G. (2008). Reinforcing Coal Mine Roof with Polyurethane Injection: 4 Case Studies. Geotech. Geol. Eng., 26, 553–566.
[37]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, T., and Piskurska, H. (2018). Physical simulation of integrated protective structures. E3S Web Conf., 60, 00038.
[38]. Nehrii, S., Surzhenko, A., Nehrii, Т., Toporov, A., Fesenko, E., Pavlov, Y., and Domnichev, M. (2021). Determining the efficiency and parameters of rubble strip reinforcement. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3 (111): 74–83.
[39]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, T., Piskurska, H., Fesenko, E., Pavlov, Y., and Surzhenko, A. (2021). Substantiating Parameters of Reinforced Rock Supports. Journal of Mining and Environment. 12 (4): 953-967.
[40]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, T., Zolotarova, O. and Volkov, S. (2021). Investigation of the geomechanical state of soft adjoining rocks under protective constructions. Rudarsko-geološko-Naftni Zbornik (The Mining-Geological-Petroleum Bulletin). 36 (4): 61-71.
[41]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, T., Kultaev, S., and Zolotarova, O. (2020). Providing resistance of protection means on the soft adjoining rocks. E3S Web Conf., 168, 00033.
[42]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, T., Bachurin, L., and Piskurska, H. (2019). Problems of mining the prospective coal-bearing areas in Donbas. E3S Web Conf., 123, 01011.
[43]. Batchler, T. (2017). Analysis of the design and performance characteristics of pumpable roof supports, International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 27 (1): 91-99.
[44]. Zhao, H., Ren, T., and Remennikov, A. (2021). A hybrid tubular standing support for underground mines: Compressive behaviour, International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 31 (2): 215-224.
[45]. Skrzypkowski, K. (2020). Decreasing Mining Losses for the Room and Pillar Method by Replacing the Inter-Room Pillars by the Construction of Wooden Cribs Filled with Waste Rocks. Energies,13. 3564.
[46]. Wang, X., Xie, J., Xu, J., Zhu, W., and Wang, L. (2021). Effects of Coal Mining Height and Width on Overburden Subsidence in Longwall Pier-Column Backfilling. Appl. Sci., 11, 3105.
[47]. Wu, R., He, Q., Oh, J., Li, Z., and Zhang, C. (2018). A New Gob-Side Entry Layout Method for Two-Entry Longwall Systems. Energies, 11, 2084.
[48]. Huang, W., Wang, X., Shen, Y., Feng, F., Wu, K., and Li, C. (2019). Application of concrete-filled steel tubular columns in gob-side entry retaining under thick and hard roof stratum: A case study. Energy Science and Engineering, 7, 2540–2553.
[49]. Luan, H., Jiang, Y., Lin, H., and Wang, Y. (2017). A New Thin Seam Backfill Mining Technology and Its Application. Energies, 10, 2023.
[50]. Zhang, J. X., Deng, X.J., Zhao, X., Ju, F., and Li, B.Y. (2017). Effective control and performance measurement of solid waste backfill in coal mining. International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment. 31 (2): 91-104.
[51]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, Т., and Volkov, S. (2018). Safety of working at the end portions longwall faces. Journal of Donetsk Mining Institute. 1 (42): 31-38.
[52]. Nehrii, S., Nehrii, T., Volkov, S., Zbykovskyy, Y., and Shvets, I. (2022). Operation complexity as one of the injury factors of coal miners. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 16 (2): 95-102.
[53] Kruzhilko, O., Maistrenko, V., Tkachuk, K., and Polukarov, O. (2013). Management of the risk of injury at the production facilities. Labour Protection Problems in Ukraine, 26, 3-9.
[54]. Lööw, J. (2022). Understanding technology in mining and its effect on the work environment. Miner Econ., 35, 143–154.
[55]. Masiukevych, O.M. (2012). Methodology of analysis and assessment of professional risk depending on the causes of its occurrence. Labour Protection Problems in Ukraine, 22, 105-110.
[56]. Davydov, A.V., Holyshev, A.M., and Pishchikova, E.V. (2012). Ranking of identified hazardous and harmful production factors by the method of linear matrices for workers of basic professions in the conditions of mining enterprises. Labour Protection Problems in Ukraine, 23, 48-56.
[57]. Tkachuk, K.N., and Levchenko, O.H. (2008). Systematic analysis of the problems of minimizing the risk of injury at work. Bulletin of the National Technical University of Ukraine, 16, 136-143.
[58]. Sierhieiev, V.A., and Derevianskyi, V.Iu. (2010). Prognostication of high injury days in coal mines. Methods and means for creating safe and healthy working conditions in coal mines. 1 (25): 157-165.
[59]. Rizkiani, D.O., and Modjo, R. (2018). Health Risk Assessment of Workers at the Mining Company PT. HIJ Site in South Kalimantan: An Overview. ICOHS-2017. KnE Life Sciences, 616–626. DOI 10.18502/kls.v4i5.2591.
[60]. Pyshchykova, O.V., Yanova, L.O., Cheberiachko, Yu.I., and Cheberiachko, S.I. (2011). Analysis of methods of risk assessment of occupational diseases at mining enterprises. Journal of Kryvyi Rih National University, 27, 112-116.
[61]. Radchenko, V.V., Zhulidov, S.H., Sokolov, E.Y., and Rymar, M.Y. (2005). On the probabilistic-point method for assessing risk at workplaces in real time. Coal of Ukraine, 9, 35-37.
[62]. Romas, M.D. (2012 Determination of industrial risks in terms of social insurance against accidents at work. Labour Protection Problems in Ukraine, 23, 33-42.
[63] Ghasemi, E., Ataei, M., Shahriar, K., Sereshki, F., Jalali, S.E., and Ramazanzadeh, A. (2012). Assessment of roof fall risk during retreat mining in room and pillar coal mines, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 54, 80-89.
[64] Mohseni, M., and Ataei, M. (2016). Risk prediction based on a time series case study: Tazareh coal mine, Journal of Mining and Environment. 7 (1): 127-134.
[65]. Kruzhilko, O., Volodchenkova, N., Tokar, O., and Maistrenko, V. (2021). Improvement of occupational risk assessment on the basis of expert methods. Labour Protection Problems in Ukraine. 37 (2): 3-8.
[66]. Gul, M., and Fatih, Ak M. (2018). A comparative outline for quantifying risk ratings in occupational health and safety risk assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 196, 653-664.
[67]. Farooqi, A., Ryan, B., and Cobb S. (2022). Using expert perspectives to explore factors affecting choice of methods in safety analysis. Safety Science, 146, 105571.
[68]. Sakhno, I., Sakhno, S., and Vovna, O. (2020). Assessing a risk of roof fall in the development mine workings in the process of longwall coal mining in terms of Ukrainian mines. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 14 (1): 72-80.
[69]. Beshelev, S.D., and Gurvich, F.G. (1980). Mathematical and statistical methods of expert assessment. Moscow: Statistics. 263 p.
[70]. Lewis, W.H. (1986). Underground coal mine lighting handbook (in two parts): 1. Background. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 9073. 1-42.
[71]. Lewis, W.H. (1986). Underground coal mine lighting handbook (in two parts): 2. Application. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 9074. 1-89.