Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

Department of Earth Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, Morocco.

Abstract

In Sidi Chennane, Central Morocco, the cost of phosphate mining is often influenced by problems bound to the existence of sterile bodies called derangements. These bodies consisting of a waste rocky material affect the sedimentary phosphate series, and thus disturb the phosphate extraction process. In this work, we attempt to analyze and quantify the economic impact of these sterile bodies on the cost of phosphate mining in Sidi Chennane. The work is carried out through a prototype model prepared as a real mining trench, using data collected during our internships in the Sidi Chennane mining field. The results of this work show that the cost of removing derangements increases the cost of phosphate mining for the entire cycle of production, drilling, blasting, ripping, dozing, loading, and hauling. It is concluded, therefore, that the outcomes of this work are of great importance for obtaining an accurate understanding of phosphate mining when confronted derangements. This can be adapted to analyze and interpret such similar structures in phosphate mines around the world (e.g. Taïba phosphate mine in Senegal).

Keywords

[1]. Boujo, A. (2001). About shape and development of sterile bodies in phosphate deposits. C. R. Geosci. 334 (16):1113-1114.
[2]. Bakkali, S., and Bahi L. (2006). Cartographie des dérangements de séries phosphatées par mesures de résistivités électriques. Journal des Sciences Pour l’Ingénieur. 6 (2006): 1-10.
[3]. Bakkali, S. (2007). Enhancement of edges of Sidi Chennane phosphate “disturbances” using sunshading responses of resistivity data. Russ. Geol. Geophys. 48 (9): 775-781.
[4]. Ayad, A., and Bakkali, S. (2018). Assessment of the geoelectrical anomalies of the disturbances of phosphate series using the triangular prism surface area method (Sidi Chennane-Morocco). 2nd Conference on Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining, September, 1-5.
[5]. Ayad, A., and Bakkali, S. (2022). Using the mass-radius method to quantify the disturbed zones in Sidi Chennane mine through geoelectrical images. Int. J. Min. Geo-Eng. 56(3): 225- 230.
[6]. Ayad, A., and Bakkali, S. (2019). Fractal assessment of the disturbances of phosphate series using lacunarity and succolarity analysis on geoelectrical images (Sidi Chennane, Morocco). Complex. 2019 (9): 1-12.
[7]. Mouflih, M., Benbouziane, A., and El Hassane, C. (2009). Description, pétrographie et origine des paléokarsts du gisement de Sidi Chennane (Bassin des Oulad Abdoun, Maroc). Note et Mém. Serv. Géol. Maroc. 530: 21-30.
[8]. Zerouali, E., Wafik, A., Najin, A., Radouani, F., Alaoui., M., and Houssni, F. E. (2020). Geophysical Characterization of Disturbances in the Phosphate Series of the OuladAbdoun, Morocco: Relationship with Atlasictectonics. Eur. Sci. J. 16 (2): 49- 63.
[9]. OCP, Office Cherifien des Phosphates (OCP): Activity report, OCP Group, Casablanca, Morocco, 2013.
[10]. Buccione, R., Kechiched, R., Mongelli, G., and Sinisi, R. (2021). REEs in the North Africa P-Bearing Deposits, Paleoenvironments, and Economic Perspectives: A Review. Minerals, 11 (2) : 1-27.
[11]. Belfkira, O. (1980). Evolutions Sédimentologiques et Géochimiques de la Série Phosphatée du Maestrichtien des Ouled Abdoun (Maroc). Ph.D Thesis, Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble, Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France.
[12]. Amaghzaz, M. (2008). Etude géologique d’actualisation de la série phosphatée du panneau 1 de Sidi Chennane. Unpublished report, internal paper of OCP, Rapport Géol. No.449, 320 P.
[13]. Jasinski, S.M., Mineral Commodity Summaries: Phosphate Rock. US Geol. Surv. 2021.
[14]. Asri, M. and Daafi, Y. (2016). Application of Cast Blasting in Moroccan Phosphate Mines. Procedia Eng. 138: 56-63.
[15]. Orris, G.J., Dunlap, P., and Wallis, J.C. (2015). Phosphate Occurrence and Potential in the Region of Afghanistan, Including Parts of China, Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report (2015-1121):70 P.
[16]. Baloyi, V.D., and Meyer, L.D. (2020). The development of a mining method selection model through a detailed assessment of multi-criteria decision methods. Results Eng. 8: 1-19.
[17]. Yavuz, M., Iphar, M., and Once, G. (2008). The optimum support design selection by using AHP method for the main haulage road in WLC Tuncbilek colliery. Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. 23 (2): 111-119.
[18]. Alouani, A. (2016). Phosphate Beneficiation Development for Customers’ satisfaction inSustainable Development way OCP case Khouribga - Jorf Lasfar. Procedia Eng.  138: 95-103.
[19]. Pufahl, P. K., and Groat, L. A. (2017). Sedimentary and Igneous Phosphate Deposits: Formation and Exploration: An Invited Paper. Econ Geol. 112 (3): 483–516.
[20]. Daafi, Y., Chakir, A., Jourania, E., and Ouabba, S.M. (2014). Geology and mine planning of phosphate deposits: Benguerir deposit Gantour Basin–Morocco. Procedia Eng. 83: 70-75.
[21]. Azzamouri, A., Fénies, P., Fontane, F., and Giard, V. (2018). Scheduling of open-pit phosphate mine extraction. Int. J. Prod. Res. 56 (23): 7122-7141.