Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

Department of Industrial Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.22044/jme.2025.15609.2993

Abstract

This study introduces a Hybrid Markov–Bayesian Framework for predicting and managing accident risks in high-risk industries, with a specific focus on the mining sector. The framework integrates Markov models to analyze dynamic risk transitions and Bayesian networks to infer causal relationships among key human and environmental factors. Drawing from a comprehensive dataset of mining operations, the framework evaluates variables such as age, experience, task type, and injury characteristics to predict and control accident risks. The results highlight the model's high performance, achieving an accuracy of 87%, precision of 85%, and an F1-score of 0.84. This innovative approach enables real-time safety interventions and proactive risk management strategies. The findings underscore the framework's potential to improve workplace safety and serve as a scalable tool for accident prevention in other high-risk industries. Future research will focus on enhancing the framework’s adaptability and incorporating additional contextual variables for broader applicability.

Keywords

Main Subjects

[1]. He, L., Pan, R., Wang, Y., Gao, J., Xu, T., Zhang, N., Wu, Y., & Zhang, X. (2024). A case study of accident analysis and prevention for coal mining transportation system based on FTA-BN-PHA in the context of smart mining process. Mathematics, 12(7), 1109.
[2]. Mousavi, M., Shen, X., & Li, B. (2023). Online safety risk management for underground mining and construction based on IoT and Bayesian networks. In ISARC. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (Vol. 40, pp. 498–505). IAARC Publications.
[3]. Yang, J., Zhao, J., & Shao, L. (2023). Risk assessment of coal mine gas explosion based on fault tree analysis and fuzzy polymorphic Bayesian network: A case study of Wangzhuang coal mine. Processes, 11(9), 2619.
[4]. Xuecai, X., Xueming, S., Gui, F., Shifei, S., Qingsong, J., Jun, H., & Zhirong, W. (2022). Accident causes data-driven coal and gas outburst accidents prevention: Application of data mining and machine learning in accident path mining and accident case-based deduction. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 162, 891–913.
[5]. Nezarat, H., Sereshki, F., & Ataei, M. (2015). Ranking of geological risks in mechanized tunneling by using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP). Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 50, 358–364.
[6]. Yevtushenko, N. S., & Tverdokhliebova, N. Y. (2024, December). An integrated approach to forecasting and managing emergency situations in the working faces of coal mines: A set of technical, organizational and measures to ensure occupational safety with subsequent assessment of potential consequences. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1415, No. 1, p. 012039). IOP Publishing.
[7]. Mohseni, M., & Ataei, M. (2016). Risk prediction based on a time series case study: Tazareh coal mine. Journal of Mining and Environment, 7(1), 127–134.
[8]. Di, H., Sbeih, A., & Shibly, F. H. A. (2023). Retracted article: Predicting safety hazards and safety behavior of underground coal mines. Soft Computing, 27, 1207.
[9]. Zhang, J., Jin, M., Wan, C., Dong, Z., & Wu, X. (2024). A Bayesian network-based model for risk modeling and scenario deduction of collision accidents of inland intelligent ships. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 243, 109816.
[10]. Tian, Y., Qiao, H., & Hua, L. (2024). A MMEM-BN-based analyzing framework for causal analysis of ship collisions. ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering, 10(2), 04024022.
[11]. Wang, L., Ren, Y., Jiang, H., Cai, P., Fu, D., Wang, T., … & Wang, Y. (2024, June). AccidentGPT: A V2X environmental perception multi-modal large model for accident analysis and prevention. In 2024 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) (pp. 472–477). IEEE.
[12]. Saxena, V. (2024, February). Human factors analysis in occupational accident prevention. In International Conference on Reliability, Safety, and Hazard (pp. 331–339). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
[13]. Carrodano, C. (2024). Data-driven risk analysis of nonlinear factor interactions in road safety using Bayesian networks. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 18948.
[14]. Ma, Y., Zhang, M., & Wang, M. (2023). Analysis of accident risk factors in chemical industry based on ISM-BN. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability. Advance online publication.
[15]. Shou, Y., Chen, J., Guo, X., Zhu, J., Ding, L., Ji, J., & Cheng, Y. (2023). A dynamic individual risk management method considering spatial and temporal synergistic effect of toxic substance leakage and fire accidents. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 169, 238–251.
[16]. Huang, Y., & Jafari, M. A. (2023). Risk-aware vehicle motion planning using Bayesian LSTM-based model predictive control. arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.06201.
[17]. Tewari, A., & Paiva, A. R. (2022). Modeling and mitigation of occupational safety risks in dynamic industrial environments. arXiv preprint arXiv:2205.00894.
[18]. Siahuei, M. R. A., Ataei, M., Rafiee, R., & Sereshki, F. (2021). Assessment and management of safety risks through hierarchical analysis in fuzzy sets type 1 and type 2: A case study (Faryab chromite underground mines). Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik (The Mining-Geology-Petroleum Engineering Bulletin), 36(3), 1–17.
[19]. Yu, H., Khan, F., & Veitch, B. (2017). A flexible hierarchical Bayesian modeling technique for risk analysis of major accidents. Risk Analysis, 37(9), 1668–1682.
[20]. Castillo, E., Calviño, A., Grande, Z., Sánchez-Cambronero, S., Gallego, I., Rivas, A., & Menéndez, J. M. (2016). A Markovian–Bayesian network for risk analysis of high speed and conventional railway lines integrating human errors. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 31(3), 193–218.
[21]. Villa, V., & Cozzani, V. (2016). Application of Bayesian networks to quantitative assessment of safety barriers’ performance in the prevention of major accidents. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 53, 151–156.
[22]. Tang, C., Yi, Y., Yang, Z., & Sun, J. (2016). Risk analysis of emergent water pollution accidents based on a Bayesian network. Journal of Environmental Management, 165, 199–205.
[23]. Li, Y., Cheng, Z., Yip, T. L., Fan, X., & Wu, B. (2022). Use of HFACS and Bayesian network for human and organizational factors analysis of ship collision accidents in the Yangtze River. Maritime Policy & Management, 49(8), 1169–1183.
[24]. Yan, F., Li, X., Dong, L., Du, S., Wang, H., & Sun, D. (2025). A status evaluation of rock instability in metal mines based on the SPA–IAHP–PCN model. Applied Sciences, 15(5), 2614.
[25]. Xu, J., Wang, Q., Zhou, J., Wu, L., Chen, J., & Zhou, H. (2024). Air conditioning reliability analysis based on dynamic Bayesian network and Markov model. International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering, 15, 8.
[26]. Moreno-Sanfélix, A., Gragera-Peña, F. C., & Jaramillo-Morán, M. A. (2024). Predictive model of pedestrian crashes using Markov chains in the city of Badajoz. Sustainability, 16(22), 10115.
[27]. Yasenjiang, J., Xu, C., Zhang, S., & Zhang, X. (2022). Fault diagnosis and prediction of continuous industrial processes based on hidden Markov model–Bayesian network hybrid model. International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2022, Article 3511073.
[28]. Wang, J., Chen, Z., Song, Y., Liu, Y., He, J., & Ma, S. (2024). Data-driven dynamic Bayesian network model for safety resilience evaluation of prefabricated building construction. Buildings, 14(3), 570.