Mineral Processing
A.H. Rezaei; H. Abdollahi; M. Gharabaghi; A. A. Mohammadzadeh
Abstract
In the recent decades, water scarcity has become a major challenge for many reasons, especially the inadequate use of water resources. The mineral processing plant is among the most important water-consuming industries. Filtration, as one of the important processes in water recovery, is a process in ...
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In the recent decades, water scarcity has become a major challenge for many reasons, especially the inadequate use of water resources. The mineral processing plant is among the most important water-consuming industries. Filtration, as one of the important processes in water recovery, is a process in which the solid-suspended particles are removed from the liquid. In the present work, the effect of the additives affecting the filtration process upon the responses including the resistance to filter cloth (R), specific cake resistance (α), moisture content, water recovery rate, and cake formation rate by the vacuum top-feed method is investigated. The experiments are performed by two methodologies: one-factor-at-a-time and statistical analysis. The additives are the flocculant, coagulant, surfactant, and filter aid. According to the one-factor-at-a-time methodology, the optimal type and dosage of the variables are as follow: flocculant A25 with a concentration of 15 g/L, perlite as the filter aid with an amount of 2.5%, surfactant cop 20-101 with a concentration of 3 cc/L, and the coagulant CaCl2.2H2O with a concentration of 2.5 g/L. The usage of the flocculant, surfactant, and filter aid at the same time is also statistically analyzed with the aim of maximizing the cake formation rate and minimizing the moisture content of the filter cake. Under the optimal conditions and taking into account 11.68 g/t of the flocculant A25, 3.8% of perlite as the filter aid, and2.92 cc/L of the surfactant cop 20-101, the cake formation rate and the moisture content were obtained to be 0.297 mm/s and 12.7 %, respectively.
Mineral Processing
H. Jafari; H. Abdollahi; M. Gharabaghi; A.A. Balesini
Abstract
In this research work, solvent extraction and stripping of zinc ions from a Zn-Mn-Cd-bearing solution was investigated using D2EHPA as the extractant in a chloride medium. The efficiency of the extraction and stripping stages was evaluated separately, and different parameters such as the pH, extractant ...
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In this research work, solvent extraction and stripping of zinc ions from a Zn-Mn-Cd-bearing solution was investigated using D2EHPA as the extractant in a chloride medium. The efficiency of the extraction and stripping stages was evaluated separately, and different parameters such as the pH, extractant concentration, reaction temperature, and contact time were studied. Based on the results obtained, 97% of zinc, 14% of manganese, and 3% of cadmium were extracted at pH = 2.5, 10% (v/v) of D2EHPA, and 40 °C from the solution containing 5 g L-1 of each metal ion. The stripping isotherms of zinc, manganese, and cadmium at different pH values showed that manganese and zinc were stripped at two different pH values. Thus more than 70% of manganese and more than 90% of zinc were stripped at pH = 2.5 and pH = 0.5, respectively. Kinetic studies indicated that the extraction and stripping of zinc in the first 0.5-1 minute was high. The McCabe–Thiele diagrams showed that two stages of extraction and two stages of stripping in the continuous counter-current flow condition were adequate to separate zinc from Mn and Cd. The dominant Zn species extracted by D2EHPA was ZnCl+, and the values for the thermodynamic parameters ΔHo, ΔSo, and ΔGo were 25.65 kJ mol−1, 79.20 J K−1 mol−1, and 0.86 kJ mol−1, respectively, which showed that the reaction was endothermic at equilibrium.
Mineral Processing
S. Nazari; Seyed Ziaedin Shafaei; M. Gharabaghi; R. Ahmadi; B. Shahbazi
Abstract
In this work, the effects of the types of frother (MIBC, pine oil, and A65) and operational parameters (impeller speed and air flow rate) on the flotation of quartz coarse particles was investigated using nano bubbles (NBs). Quartz particles of the size of -425+106 mm and three types of frother were ...
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In this work, the effects of the types of frother (MIBC, pine oil, and A65) and operational parameters (impeller speed and air flow rate) on the flotation of quartz coarse particles was investigated using nano bubbles (NBs). Quartz particles of the size of -425+106 mm and three types of frother were used for the flotation experiments. Also the impeller speed was 600 to 1300 rpm, and the air flow rates were 30 and 60 L/h. In the absence of NBs, the maximum recovery was achieved with the pine oil frother, an impeller speed of 1000 rpm, and an air flow rate of 60 L/h. In the presence of NBs, the maximum recovery was achieved using pine oil at an impeller speed of 900 rpm and an air flow rate of 30 L/h. However, increasing the recovery in the presence of NBs, compared to the absence of NBs for MIBC, was more than the other two frothers, and the recovery using this frother to increase up to 25% but using pine oil, the recovery increased up to 23%. The lowest recovery in the presence of NBs was obtained using A65. Also the use of NBs increased recovery in all the three fractions compared to the absence of NBs but the presence of NBs increased the recovery of particles with size of -212+106 mm more than the particle size in the ranges of -300+212 and -425+300 mm.
M. Moghise; M. Pourrahim; B. Rezai; M. Gharabaghi
Abstract
This study aims to investigate and optimize the effects of the main parameters including the particle size, gravity and magnetic separation combination, high gradient magnetic separation, magnetic field intensity, shaking table slope, washing water flow, and electrostatic separation upon the rare earth ...
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This study aims to investigate and optimize the effects of the main parameters including the particle size, gravity and magnetic separation combination, high gradient magnetic separation, magnetic field intensity, shaking table slope, washing water flow, and electrostatic separation upon the rare earth element (REE) recoveries from iron mine waste. The electron microprobe showed that high amounts of REEs were distributed on the fluorapatite mineral, and hence, it was necessary to remove the high magnetic minerals by a low-intensity magnetic separation using a magnetic drum in an experimental procedure. A cyclic magnetic separator was used for the low-gradient magnetic separation. Moreover, a shaking table and an electrostatic separator were used to expand the recovery and grade of REEs. A combination of these methods was considered to optimize the REE recoveries based on the best combination including two steps of low magnetic separation, one step of medium intensity magnetic separation, a shaking table, and an electrostatic separator. Two low-intensity magnetic of 800 and 2000 gauss, one medium-intensity magnetic of 8000 gauss, a one-step shaking table with a water flow of 90 mL/s and a table slope of 3 degree, and one electrostatic separator of 25000 V with a blade angel of 20 degree had the best performance to separate REEs. The microscopic studies carried out showed that the monazite degree of freedom was between 75 and 105 micron. The results obtained showed that a particle size of ‒75 + 63 micron was a proper one to separate REEs. The total recovery and grade of the REE (Ce, La, Nd, Er, and Gd) concentrate obtained from the sample with a grade of 1499 ppm of REEs were 67.1 and 1.2%, respectively, at the optimum conditions. The results obtained showed that there was a direct relation between the phosphor grade and the REE recoveries, and that the REE recoveries increased by increasing the quantity of phosphor.
M. Shamsi; M. Noparast; Seyyed Z. Shafaie; M. Gharabaghi; S. Aslani
Abstract
Copper smelting slags are hard materials. Therefore,to recover their copper by flotation method, grinding should be carried out to obtain optimal particle size. Copper smelting slags in the Bardeskan district, with work index of 16.24 kwh/st, were grinded for 65 minutes to reach an acceptable degree ...
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Copper smelting slags are hard materials. Therefore,to recover their copper by flotation method, grinding should be carried out to obtain optimal particle size. Copper smelting slags in the Bardeskan district, with work index of 16.24 kwh/st, were grinded for 65 minutes to reach an acceptable degree of freedom for the flotation tests, with particle size of 80%, smaller than 70 μm. With this grinding time, degree of freedom for copper-bearing minerals was achieved 85-90%. The floatation method performed and the procedure used for the optimization of the effective parameters were described in this paper. The results obtained for the flotation tests, carried out at the optimal conditions after grinding the slags (with a grinding time of65 minutes), showed 62.23% of copper recovery, while, by flotation of copper slags at optimal conditions after increasing the grinding time to 85 minutes (d80 = 48µ), the Cu recovery was increased to 79.89%.
