Rock Mechanics
RADHA TOMAR; SMITA TUNG
Abstract
Slope failures are prevalent issue in the construction sector. Thus the engineers must use appropriate slope stabilization techniques to reduce the risk of human life and property. This work investigates the efficacy of multiple regression analysis in predicting slope stability, specifically focusing ...
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Slope failures are prevalent issue in the construction sector. Thus the engineers must use appropriate slope stabilization techniques to reduce the risk of human life and property. This work investigates the efficacy of multiple regression analysis in predicting slope stability, specifically focusing on the slopes in the Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh, India. A total of 160 cases with different parameters were analyzed by using the well-known Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM), Morgenstern and Price on PLAXIS LE. Numerical analysis was performed using different nail lengths (6 m, 8 m, 10 m, and 12 m) and nail inclinations (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, and 35°), applied to a homogeneous soil slope with 45°, 50°, 60°, and 70° inclinations, respectively. The limit equilibrium analysis may not offer predictive capabilities for future scenarios directly. In contrast, Multiple Regressions (MR) can provide predictive insights based on the historical data, allowing for forecasting of stability under different conditions or design scenarios. The utilization of MR provides the coefficients that quantify the influence of each variable on slope stability, enabling a detailed understanding of how each factor contributes. To develop the prediction models using Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA), the factor of safety values obtained by the numerical method were used. The accuracy of this model was evaluated against the conventional LE methods. The results indicate that multiple regression provides a good predictive performance with an R2 value equal to 0.774, offering a more nuanced and accurate assessment of slope stability compared to the traditional LE techniques.
Rock Mechanics
Ajay Sharma; Neha Shrivastava
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the utility of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, specifically recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and recycled brick aggregates (RBA), as fill materials in highway embankments. The assessment of slope stability is crucial in determining the suitability of any ...
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The present study aims to assess the utility of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, specifically recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and recycled brick aggregates (RBA), as fill materials in highway embankments. The assessment of slope stability is crucial in determining the suitability of any material for embankment fill. GeoStudio software is employed in this study for slope stability assessment of 12 models with LS, RCA, RBA, and their blends as embankment fill materials. The embankment configuration is designed to represent a six-lane highway (carriageway width = 13 m, adhering to IRC: 36 standards), featuring varying slope elevations (3 m, 6 m, and 9 m) and diverse horizontal to vertical slope ratios (H:V = 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). The Morgenstern-Price method is employed to analyze slope stability and determine factor of safety (FOS) values. The study highlights the impact of slope heights, slope ratios, and fill materials (RCA, RBA, LS, and their blends) on FOS values in embankment models. Incorporating RCA or RBA in LS significantly boosts embankment FOS, exceeding stability expectations beyond 45˚ slope angles, potentially reducing costs and required area in construction projects. The incorporation of RCA/RBA into LS increases the FOS values to a range of 1.38 to 5.91, indicating very stable slopes for highway embankments. Based on the findings, replacing LS with RCA or RBA in embankment fill can enhance environmental sustainability and economic efficiency. However, these slope stability results apply specifically to C&D waste with similar composition, grain size, geotechnical properties, and embankment conditions.
Mineral Processing
Sahil Kumar; Ravi Kumar Sharma
Abstract
Landslides affecting life and property losses has become a serious threat in various countries worldwide which highlights the importance of slope stability and mitigation. The methods and tools employed for slope stability analysis, ranging from traditional limit equilibrium methods to worldly-wise numerical ...
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Landslides affecting life and property losses has become a serious threat in various countries worldwide which highlights the importance of slope stability and mitigation. The methods and tools employed for slope stability analysis, ranging from traditional limit equilibrium methods to worldly-wise numerical modelling techniques. It focuses on the importance of accurate and reliable data collection, including geotechnical investigations, in developing precise slope stability assessments. Further, it also addresses challenges associated with predicting and mitigating slope failures, particularly in dynamic and complex environments. Mitigation strategies for unstable slopes were systematically reviewed of different researchers, encompassing both traditional and innovative measures. Traditional methods, such as retaining walls and drainage systems, the mitigation strategies were explored, emphasizing both preventive measures and remedial interventions. These include the implementation of engineering solutions such as slope structures, and Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) techniques along with the comprehensive analysis of four prominent slope stability assessment tools: Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), and the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM). The comparative analysis of these tools highlights their respective strengths, limitations, and areas of application, providing researchers, authors, and practitioners with valuable insights to make informed choices based on project-specific requirements. To ensure the safety and sustainability of civil infrastructure, a thorough understanding of geological, geotechnical, and environmental factors in combination with cutting-edge technologies is required. Furthermore, it highlights the important role that slope stability assessment and mitigation play a major role in civil engineering for infrastructure development and mitigation strategies.
Rock Mechanics
Arun Kumar Sahoo; Debi Prasad Tripathy; Singam Jayanthu
Abstract
The mining industry needs to accept new-age autonomous technologies and intelligent systems to stay up with the modernization of technology, to benefit the shake of investors and stakeholders, and most significantly, for the nation, and to protect health and safety. An essential part of geo-technical ...
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The mining industry needs to accept new-age autonomous technologies and intelligent systems to stay up with the modernization of technology, to benefit the shake of investors and stakeholders, and most significantly, for the nation, and to protect health and safety. An essential part of geo-technical engineering is doing slope stability analysis to determine the likelihood of slope failure and how to prevent it. A reliable, cost-effective, and generally applicable technique for evaluating slope stability is urgently needed. Numerous research studies have been conducted, each employing a unique strategy. An alternate method that uses machine learning (ML) techniques is to study the relationship between stability conditions and slope characteristics by analyzing the data collected from slope monitoring and testing. This paper is an attempt by the authors to comprehensively review the literature on using the ML techniques in slope stability analysis. It was found that most researchers relied on data-driven approaches with limited input variables, and it was also verified that the ML techniques could be utilized effectively to predict slope failure analysis. SVM and RF were the most popular types of ML models being used. RMSE and AUC were used extensively in assessing the performance of the ML models.
Rock Mechanics
Kapoor Chand; Radhakanta Koner
Abstract
In open-pit mine, safety of internal dumps is a significant pointer on the economic perspective of the overall project. It has been found in several studies that unplanned and random deposition of the overburdened material is the main reason for mishaps and failure. The study utilized unmanned aerial ...
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In open-pit mine, safety of internal dumps is a significant pointer on the economic perspective of the overall project. It has been found in several studies that unplanned and random deposition of the overburdened material is the main reason for mishaps and failure. The study utilized unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to map the mine dumps, and the precise 3D geometry of the same was reconstructed to evaluate the safety using numerical methods. A framework is proposed to assess and identify the potential zone of instability in the mine dumps. The study was conducted at the open-pit mine at the Raniganj coalfield of Paschim Bardhaman in West Bengal, India. The study assessed the internal dump safety using a 3D limit equilibrium method and numerical methods. Finally, optimum parameters are suggested for the mine dumps geometry under the prevailing geo-mining conditions of the mine site. The framework proposed here for assessing critical zones in mine dumps is cost-effective, easy to use, quick, and efficient.
R. Koner
Abstract
The Wardha valley coalfields, situated in the western part of India, contribute to more than 7% of the national coal production. The open-pit mining methods are the modes of exploitation of coal in the majority of the mines in the area. Due to the increased depth of working and higher stripping ...
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The Wardha valley coalfields, situated in the western part of India, contribute to more than 7% of the national coal production. The open-pit mining methods are the modes of exploitation of coal in the majority of the mines in the area. Due to the increased depth of working and higher stripping ratio, the output of waste overburden is increased. The challenges are the scarcity of the available land for dumping waste overburden geo-material safely. Optimization of the mine dump slope geometry is the only available alternative in the hands of the management in order to increase the life of the projects and continue the production of coal. This investigation specifically addresses this issue, and proposes a combination of the optimum geometric configurations of the dump slope. This work utilizes the computational power of the numerical modeling technique in order to solve a large number of alternatives and zero them down to the optimum combination. The numerical modeling is considered as a major external factor that contributes to the mine dump's instability. This work shows an 18% increase in the dumping waste material volume in the present condition. This investigation also reveals that double stage dumping is comparably better in optimizing the dump slope configuration.
V. Mwango Bowa; W. Samiselo; E. Manda; Y. Lei; W. Zhou; A. Shane; S. Chinyanta
Abstract
The influence of variable groundwater has been overlooked in the available literature. Yet, wedge failure induced by variable groundwater is still commonly experienced in sedimentary rock formation in many commercial dams, highways, and surface mine slopes around the world. In this article, a robust ...
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The influence of variable groundwater has been overlooked in the available literature. Yet, wedge failure induced by variable groundwater is still commonly experienced in sedimentary rock formation in many commercial dams, highways, and surface mine slopes around the world. In this article, a robust analytical model for stability analysis of the rock slopes subjected to wedge slope failure induced by variable groundwater is presented. This involves modifying the existing analytical model for estimating the safety factor of the rock slope subjected to wedge failure by incorporating the effects of variable groundwater. The proposed analytical model is validated using a numerical simulation model using the Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions (FLAC3D) software. Furthermore, a real wedge slope instability at the Chingola Open-Pit Mine (COP F&D) induced by the presence of variable groundwater case history is studied in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented analytical model. The investigation results indicate that the presence of variable groundwater has a direct impact on the computed factor of safety of the rock slope subjected to wedge failure. The results obtained entail that the presented analytical model can provide a robust analytical model for the stability analyses of the rock slope subjected to wedge failure considering the presence of variable groundwater.
H. Fattahi
Abstract
Slope stability analysis is an enduring research topic in the engineering and academic sectors. Accurate prediction of the factor of safety (FOS) of slopes, their stability, and their performance is not an easy task. In this work, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was utilized to build ...
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Slope stability analysis is an enduring research topic in the engineering and academic sectors. Accurate prediction of the factor of safety (FOS) of slopes, their stability, and their performance is not an easy task. In this work, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was utilized to build an estimation model for the prediction of FOS. Three ANFIS models were implemented including grid partitioning (GP), subtractive clustering method (SCM), and fuzzy c-means clustering method (FCM). Several important parameters such as cohesion coefficient, internal angle of friction, slope height, slope angle, and unit weight of slope material were utilized as the input parameters, while FOS was used as the output parameter. A comparison was made between these three models, and the results obtained showed the superiority of the ANFIS-SCM model. Also performance of the ANFIS-SCM model was compared with multiple linear regression (MLR). The results obtained demonstrated the effectiveness of the ANFIS-SCM model.
